The discharge tube is an essential safety feature of the water heater’s temperature and pressure (T&P) relief valve. It directs hot water or steam released by the valve safely to the floor or a drain, protecting people and property from burns, water damage, or other hazards. A missing discharge tube is a critical safety issue that must be corrected immediately to comply with building codes and ensure safe operation.

1. Directs Hot Water Safely:

• Prevents hot water or steam from spraying directly from the relief valve, which could cause burns or scalding.

2. Prevents Water Damage:

• Guides water to a safe disposal location, reducing the risk of flooding or structural damage.

3. Ensures Compliance:

• Building codes require a properly installed discharge tube for all water heaters.

4. Protects Against Hazards:

• Reduces the risk of accidents and injuries during emergency pressure or temperature release.

1. Burn and Scald Hazards:

• Hot water or steam released directly from the valve can harm anyone nearby.

2. Water Damage:

• Uncontained water can damage floors, walls, and surrounding areas.

3. Code Violations:

• Operating a water heater without a discharge tube violates safety standards and building codes.

4. Increased Liability:

• A missing tube increases the risk of accidents, which could lead to legal or insurance complications.

1. Turn Off the Water Heater:

• For electric water heaters, switch off the breaker.

• For gas water heaters, turn the thermostat to the “OFF” position.

2. Check Building Code Requirements:

• Confirm local code requirements for discharge tube materials, dimensions, and installation.

• Common requirements:

• The tube must terminate no more than 6 inches above the floor or drain.

• The pipe must be made of approved materials such as copper, CPVC, or galvanized steel.

• The end of the tube must not have threads to prevent capping.

3. Gather Materials:

• Approved discharge pipe (copper, CPVC, or steel).

• Pipe fittings, if necessary.

• Pipe cutter and Teflon tape.

4. Attach the Discharge Tube:

• Steps:

1. Measure and cut the tube to the appropriate length to reach the designated disposal point.

2. Wrap Teflon tape around the threads of the T&P relief valve.

3. Thread the discharge tube into the valve securely, ensuring no leaks.

4. Ensure the pipe is sloped downward and terminates at the correct height.

• Tips:

• Avoid sharp bends or kinks in the tube that could impede water flow.

• If connecting to a drain, ensure the tube discharges into an air gap to prevent backflow.

5. Test the Installation:

• Lift the lever on the relief valve to release a small amount of water.

• Verify that the water flows freely through the discharge tube to the designated area.

1. Regular Inspections:

• Check the T&P valve and discharge tube periodically for proper installation and signs of wear or corrosion.

2. Comply with Codes During Installation:

• Ensure any new water heater installation includes a properly attached discharge tube.

3. Avoid Modifications:

• Do not block, cap, or reroute the discharge tube in a way that restricts water flow.

• If you are unsure about selecting or installing the correct discharge tube.

• For assistance in verifying compliance with local building codes.

• To address additional issues with the T&P valve or plumbing system.

• Discharge Tube: $10–$50 for materials, depending on the type and length.

• Professional Installation: $100–$300, including labor and materials.

1. Ensures Safety:

• Prevents burns, scalds, and accidents caused by uncontrolled water or steam discharge.

2. Protects Property:

• Directs water safely away from floors and walls to avoid damage.

3. Maintains Compliance:

• Meets building and safety codes, avoiding potential fines or complications.

4. Reduces Liability:

• Minimizes risks to occupants, reducing legal or insurance concerns.

A missing discharge tube is a serious safety hazard that should be addressed promptly. Installing a properly sized and approved discharge tube ensures your water heater operates safely and efficiently. For professional assistance, consult a licensed plumber to guarantee code compliance and a secure installation.